Types of Bearings by ARB-Bearings.com

There are numerous different kinds of bearings that are designed to handle radial load, thrust load, or some combination of the two. Because different applications require bearings that are designed to handle a specific kind of load and different amounts of weight, the differences between types of bearings concern load type and ability to handle weight.

    Ball Bearings

Ball bearings are extremely common because they can handle both radial and thrust loads, but can only handle a small amount of weight. They are found in a wide array of applications, such as roller blades and even hard drives, but are prone to deforming if they are overloaded.


    Roller Bearings

Roller bearings are designed to carry heavy loads—the primary roller is a cylinder, which means the load is distributed over a larger area, enabling the bearing to handle larger amounts of weight. This structure, however, means the bearing can handle primarily radial loads, but is not suited to thrust loads. For applications where space is an issue, a needle bearing can be used. Needle bearings work with small diameter cylinders, so they are easier to fit in smaller applications.


    Ball Thrust Bearings

These kinds of bearings are designed to handle almost exclusively thrust loads in low-speed low-weight applications. Bar stools, for example, make use of ball thrust bearings to support the seat.



    Roller Thrust Bearings

Roller thrust bearings, much like ball thrust bearings, handle thrust loads. The difference, however, lies in the amount of weight the bearing can handle: roller thrust bearings can support significantly larger amounts of thrust load, and are therefore found in car transmissions, where they are used to support helical gears. Gear support in general is a common application for roller thrust bearings.


    Tapered Roller Bearings

This style of bearing is designed to handle large radial and thrust loads—as a result of their load versatility, they are found in car hubs due to the extreme amount of both radial and thrust loads that car wheels are expected to carry.


    Specialized Bearings

There are, of course, several kinds of bearings that are manufactured for specific applications, such as magnetic bearings and giant roller bearings. Magnetic bearings are found in high-speed devices because it has no moving parts—this stability enables it to support devices that move unconscionably fast. Giant roller bearings are used to move extremely large and heavy loads, such as buildings and large structural components. 

ARB Bearings Limited
H-22, Udyog Nagar
New Delhi - 110041, Delhi, India
Phone: +(91)-(11)-25471274 / 25471255 / 25186300
Fax: +(91)-(11)-25475455 / 25470126
Email: info@arb-bearings.com, export@arb-bearings.com, Sales@arb-bearings.com
For Export Enquiry :  Mr. Divay Rathee : +91-9968373086
http://arb-bearings.com

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Angular Contact Ball Bearings.

PumpPac angular contact ball bearings reduce operating temperatures and vibration levels for smoother operation and longer life.

Available in three series, the bearings incorporate combinations of 40 and 15° bearing-contact angles capable of carrying high thrust loads with the 40° bearing (without unloading the opposed 15° bearing).

Wearresistant machined bronze cages work in poor lubrication conditions. "CB" endplay better controls and lowers operating temperature. ABEC 3 tolerances promote less impeller shaft runout, smoother operation, and longer seal life; and a V-etched OD simplifies installation by clearly indicating the direction of thrust capability.

ARB Bearings Limited
H-22, Udyog Nagar
New Delhi - 110041, Delhi, India
Phone: +(91)-(11)-25471274 / 25471255 / 25186300
Fax: +(91)-(11)-25475455 / 25470126
Email: info@arb-bearings.com, export@arb-bearings.com,
sales@arb-bearings.com 
Website :http://arb-bearings.com/content.php?id=2
For Export Enquiry : 
Mr. Divay Rathee : +91-9968373086

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Ball Roller Bearings Manufacturer

Ever since man began to need to move things, he has used round rollers to make the job easier. Probably the first rollers were sticks or logs, which were a big improvement over dragging things across the ground, but still pretty hard work. Egyptians used logs to roll their huge blocks of stone for the pyramids. Eventually, someone came up with the idea of securing the roller to whatever was being moved, and built the first "vehicle" with "wheels." However, these still had bearings made from materials rubbing on each other instead of rolling on each other. It wasn't until the late eighteenth century that the basic design for bearings was developed. In 1794, Welsh ironmaster Philip Vaughan patented a design for ball bearings to support the axle of a carriage. Development continued in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, spurred by the advancement of the bicycle and the automobile.

 There are thousands of sizes, shapes, and kinds of rolling bearings; ball bearings, roller bearings, needle bearings, and tapered roller bearings are the major kinds. Sizes run from small enough to run miniature motors to huge bearings used to support rotating parts in hydroelectric power plants; these large bearings can be ten feet (3.04 meters) in diameter and require a crane to install. The most common sizes can easily be held in one hand and are used in things like electric motors.

This article will describe only ball bearings. In these bearings, the rolling part is a ball, which rolls between inner and outer rings called races. The balls are held by a cage, which keeps them evenly spaced around the races. In addition to these parts, there are a lot of optional parts for special bearings, like seals to keep oil or grease in and dirt out, or screws to hold a bearing in place. We won't worry here about these fancy extras.
Raw Materials

Almost all parts of all ball bearings are made of steel. Since the bearing has to stand up to a lot of stress, it needs to be made of very strong steel. The standard industry classification for the steel in these bearings is 52100, which means that it has one percent chromium and one percent carbon (called alloys when added to the basic steel). This steel can be made very hard and tough by heat treating. Where rusting might be a problem, bearings are made from 440C stainless steel.

The cage for the balls is traditionally made of thin steel, but some bearings now use molded plastic cages, because they cost less to make and cause less friction.
The Manufacturing
Process



There are four major parts to a standard ball bearing: the outer race, the rolling balls, the inner race, and the cage.
Races

    1 Both races are made in almost the same way. Since they are both rings of steel, the process starts with steel tubing of an appropriate size. Automatic machines similar to lathes use cutting tools to cut the basic shape of the race, leaving all of the dimensions slightly too large. The reason for leaving them too large is that the races must be heat treated before being finished, and the steel
    Surprisingly, the rolling balls start out as thick steel wire. Then, in a cold heading process, the wire is cut into small pieces smashed between two steel dies. The result is a ball that looks like the planet Saturn, with a ring around its middle called "flash."
    Surprisingly, the rolling balls start out as thick steel wire. Then, in a cold heading process, the wire is cut into small pieces smashed between two steel dies. The result is a ball that looks like the planet Saturn, with a ring around its middle called "flash."
    usually warps during this process. They can be machined back to their finished size after heat treating.
    2 The rough cut races are put into a heat treating furnace at about 1,550 degrees Fahrenheit (843 degrees Celsius) for up to several hours (depending on the size of the parts), then dipped into an oil bath to cool them and make them very hard. This hardening also makes them brittle, so the next step is to temper them. This is done by heating them in a second oven to about 300 degrees Fahrenheit (148.8 degrees Celsius), and then letting them cool in air. This whole heat treatment process makes parts which are both hard and tough.
    3 After the heat treatment process, the races are ready for finishing. However, the races are now too hard to cut with cutting tools, so the rest of the work must be done with grinding wheels. These are a lot like what you would find in any shop for sharpening drill bits and tools, except that several different kinds and shapes are needed to finish the races. Almost every place on the race is finished by grinding, which leaves a very smooth, accurate surface. The surfaces where the bearing fits into the machine must be very round, and the sides must be flat. The surface that the balls roll on is ground first, and then lapped. This means that a very fine abrasive slurry is used to polish the races for several hours to get almost a mirror finish. At this point, the races are finished, and ready to be put together with the balls.

Contact Us

ARB Bearings Limited
H-22, Udyog Nagar
New Delhi - 110041, Delhi, India
Phone: +(91)-(11)-25471274 / 25471255 / 25186300
Fax: +(91)-(11)-25475455 / 25470126
Email: info@arb-bearings.com, export@arb-bearings.com,
sales@arb-bearings.com
Website :http://arb-bearings.com
For Export Enquiry :
Mr. Divay Rathee : +91-9968373086

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Industrial Bearings Manufacturers India

How do they get the balls in ball bearings so perfectly round and smooth?
If you have ever rolled a couple of those little metal balls found in a ball bearing around in your hand, you have noticed how perfectly round and incredibly smooth they feel. You might have wondered how anything could be made that perfect. It's actually a pretty neat process that starts with a metal wire and ends with a perfect shiny ball.

The first stage in the process is a cold or hot forming operation. A wire of metal approximately the diameter of the finished ball is fed through a heading machine. This machine has a metal cavity the shape of a hemisphere on each side. It slams shut on the wire forcing the piece of metal into the shape of a ball. The process leaves a ring of metal (called flash) around the ball, so the balls coming out of this machine look something like the planet Saturn.

Next the balls go into a machine that removes the flash. This machine rolls the ball between two very heavy hardened steel plates called rill plates.

Rill plates for ball machine



Photo courtesy of Noonan Machine Co.

One rill plate is stationary and the other one spins. The plates have grooves machined into them that guide the balls around in a circular path. You can see that one of the plates has a section cut out of it; this is where the balls enter and exit the grooves. When the machine is running, the grooves are completely filled with balls. Once a ball has traveled through a groove, it falls into the open section in the plate and tumbles around for a little while before entering a different groove. By making sure the balls travel through many different grooves, all the balls will come out of the machine the same size even if there are differences between the grooves.

As the ball travels through the groove, it spins and tumbles, the rough edges get broken off, and the ball gets squeezed into a spherical shape, a little like rolling a ball of dough between your hands. This squeezing of the balls compresses the metal, giving the balls a very hard surface. Because the balls are metal, this operation generates a lot of heat, so water pours over the balls and plates to cool them.

The variables in this process are the pressure that squeezes the plates together, the speed the plates spin and the duration the balls are left in the machine. Properly setting these variables will consistently produce balls of the correct size.

After this operation the balls may be heat-treated. This hardens the balls, but it also changes their size. The size of bearing balls has to be perfect, sometimes within millionths of an inch, so a few more operations are needed after heat-treating.

The balls next go through a grinding operation. The same kind of machine is used, but this time the coolant contains an abrasive. The balls travel through the grooves again and get ground down and compressed to their final dimensions.

Finally the balls go through a lapping operation. Again, the same kind of machine is used, but this time the plates are made of a softer metal, and the machine uses much less pressure to squeeze the plates together. Also, the machine uses a polishing paste rather than an abrasive. This process gives the balls their perfect smooth shiny surface, without removing any more material.

The last step in the process is inspection. The balls are measured with very accurate machinery to determine if they meet the required tolerances. For instance, the Anti-Friction Bearing Manufacturers Association (AFBMA) has a set of grades for bearing balls. A grade three ball has to be spherical within 3 millionths of an inch and the diameter must be accurate within 30 millionths of an inch. This means that for a grade three quarter-inch ball, the diameter would have to be between 0.24997 and 0.25003 of an inch and the smallest diameter measured on the ball has to be within 3 millionths of the largest diameter.

Manufacturers use a very similar process to make metal pellets for air guns, plastic balls for bearings and even the plastic balls used in roll-on deodorant.

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